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Bookman or Bookman Old Style is a serif typeface. It is derived from the design Old Style Antique, created by Alexander Phemister in 1858 for Miller and Richard foundry. Bookman (as it became) was designed as an alternative to Caslon, with straighter serifs and a wide structure, making it suitable for display and small-print applications although less ideal for body text. It maintains its legibility at small sizes, and has been used extensively for headlines and in advertising. It is particularly associated with the graphic design of the 1960s and 70s, when revivals of it were very popular.〔 ==History== Several American foundries copied the Miller and Richard design, including the Bruce Type Foundry of New York, and issued it under various names. In 1901, Bruce refitted their design, made a few other improvements, and rechristened it Bartlett Oldstyle. When Bruce was taken over by American Type Founders shortly thereafter, they changed the name to Bookman Oldstyle. A tradition dating to the ATF version is that many releases do not have an italic, instead featuring an oblique in which the letters are simply slanted. Serif typefaces which use an oblique are now very rare but a number were developed in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. At the time of its creation, Bookman was part of a wide range of American revivals of the Caslon design concept, visible in the wide-spreading arms of the T and the sharp half-arrow serifs on many letters; Ronaldson Old Style by Alexander Kay (1884) was another. In 1936, Chauncey H. Griffith of the American Linotype foundry developed a revival, and Monotype also offered one.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.galleyrack.com/images/artifice/letters/press/comptype/monotype/typography/composite-specimen/lanston-monotype-00980-bookman-old-style-00981-bookman-old-style-italic-mtf1-0600grey-0600dpipng.pdf )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.galleyrack.com/images/artifice/letters/press/comptype/monotype/typography/composite-specimen/lanston-monotype-00980-bookman-old-style-00981-bookman-old-style-italic-mtf1-0600grey-0600dpipng.pdf )〕 (Linotype's has been digitised in its period form, making it one of the few digital versions not based on post-war versions.〔) Many Bookman revivals appeared in the 1960s and 70s, often adding an extensive repertoire of swash characters, meaning that the design is commonly associated with the graphic design of the period.〔 These large character repertoires took advantage of the new phototypesetting technology, which allowed characters to be stored on film or glass phototype master disks, rather than bulky metal type. Letraset's is one of the revivals of this period. Mark Simonson, who has designed a revival of the Bookmans of this period, has commented: I have so far been unable to find out who designed and produced (original ). I think of it as the “Sixties Bookman.”...It’s closest to the larger sizes of ATF Bookman Oldstyle, but signicantly bolder, with more contrast between the thicks and thins than other Bookmans and with smaller serifs...I’ve yet to see a credit for the designer or maker of this version. The best theory I have is that it was a custom font created for an ad campaign in the mid-sixties. Someone who had access to it made copies. And before long, every typesetting shop had it. Whatever the story is, this version of Bookman was everywhere. I had Sixties Bookman on rub-down type sheets when I was in high school in the early Seventies discovering type. One of the most famous results of this period is the 1975 ITC's revival from which many modern versions are descended. Typographer Matthew Butterick has written that as a result of its use in this period Bookman 'evokes the Ford administration. If fonts were clothing, this would be the corduroy suit.' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bookman (typeface)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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